Clavicle : Viva voice questions and answers

 Clavicle : Viva voice questions and answers 

1. what is the other name of the clavicle? 

Ans: the collar bone, beauty bone 

2. Morphologically what type of bone it is ? 

Ans : modify long bone (only long bone of body place horizontally)

3. What is the anatomical points and position of the clavicle ? 

Ans: expanded sternal end lies medially and slihtly below than the acromial end 

medial 2/3 of shaft of the clavicle directed anteriorly 

groove for subclavius muscle lies inferiorly 

4. What are the functions of the clavicle?

Ans

1. The clavicle connects the shoulder to the rest of the skeleton. Its positioning allows for increased range of motion of the shoulder away from the body and helps protect the arm by dispersing force transmitted through direct contact.

2. The clavicle has a small degree of movement in elevation and depression (upward and downward movement), protraction and retraction (forward and backward movement), and rotation.

3. The subclavius, which means “beneath the clavicle,” is the primary muscle that controls the clavicle. It originates at the first rib, and attaches to the underside of the clavicle. When contracted, the subclavius, controlled by the subclavian nerve, causes the clavicle to depress, or move downwards

4. The anterior deltoid, trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and pectoralis major muscles all attach to the clavicle for support, and cause a small degree of multidirectional movement as well.

5. The midclavicular line, a vertical line drawn down the body from the midpoint of the clavicle, serves as an important anatomical landmark for locating other structures, including the apex of the heart, where a stethoscope can be placed to listen to the heartbeat. 

 6. What are the parts of the clavicle ?

Ans : Two ends : medially placed expanded sternal end and laterally placed flat acromial end , shaft:

 medial 2/3 of shaft has four surfaces : anterior, posterior superior and inferior

lateral 1/3 of shaft has two surfaces : superior and inferior

Mention peculiar features of clavicle

7. Types of Ossification occurred in the clavicle

Ans: intramembranous

8. What are the Joints related with the clavicle ?

 Ans: sternoclavicular jt :saddle variety of synovial jt , acromioclavicular jt: plane type of synovial jt

9. What are the muscular attachment with the clavicle,  mention their  N S ? 

Ans : 

 

Muscle

Muscles and ligaments that attach to the collarbone include:

Attachment	Muscle/Ligament	Other attachment
Superior surface and anterior border	Deltoid muscle	deltoid tubercle, anteriorly on the lateral third
Superior surface	Trapezius muscle	posteriorly on the lateral third
Inferior surface	Subclavius muscle	subclavian groove
Inferior surface	Conoid ligament (the medial part of the coracoclavicular ligament)	conoid tubercle
Inferior surface	Trapezoid ligament (the lateral part of the coracoclavicular ligament)	trapezoid line
Anterior border	Pectoralis major muscle	medial third (rounded border)
Posterior border	Sternocleidomastoid muscle (clavicular head)	superiorly, on the medial third
Posterior border	Sternohyoid muscle	inferiorly, on the medial third
Posterior border	Trapezius muscle	lateral third

Deltoid : axillary nerve

Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid: spinal root of accessory nerve

Pectoralis major : med and lat pectoral N

Attachment of coracoclavicular lig

10. What are the structures are related behind the clavicle? 

Ans :  division of brachial plexus, subclavian artery and vein 

 

11. what are the peculiarities of clavicle? 

Ans :

Peculiarities of the Clavicle :

1. It is the only long bone that lies horizontally.

2. It is subcutaneous throughout.

3. It is the first bone to start ossifying.

4. It is the only long bone which ossifies in membrane.

5. It is the only long bone which has two primary centres of ossification.

6. It is generally said to have no medullary cavity, but this is not always true.

7. It is occasionally pierced by the middle supra­clavicular nerve. It receives weight of upper limb via lateral one- third through coracoclavicular ligament and transmits weight of upper limb to the axial skeletal via medial two-thirds part.

12. What are the sex differences of clavicle 

Ans :

Sex Determination :

1. In females, the clavicle is shorter, lighter, thinner, smoother and less curved than in males.

2. The midshaft circumference and the weight of the clavicle are reliable criteria for sex determination of the clavicle.

3. In females, the lateral end of the clavicle is a little below the medial end; in males, the lateral end is either at the same level or slightly higher than the medial end.

Clinical anatomy : 

congenital : Cleidocranial dysostosis:

• The clavicles may be congenitally absent or imperfectly developed in a disease called cleidocranial dysostosis.
• In this condition, the shoulders droop, and can be approximated anteriorly in front of the chest.

acquired  :  

Weakest point of clavicle:

• Junction of middle 2/3 and lateral 1/3 (junction between 2 curvatures) is the weakest point of clavicle and hence is the most vulnerable part to fracture.

c) Cause of Clavicle fracture:

• Transmission of forces to the axial skeleton in falls on the shoulder or hand may prove greater than the strength of the bone at this site and this indirect force is the usual cause of fracture.

d) Clincial features of Clavicle fracture:

• When fracture occurs, the trapezius is unable to support the weight of the arm so that the characteristic picture of the patient with a fractured clavicle is that of a man supporting his sagging upper limb with his opposite hand.
• Because the clavicle is directly beneath the skin and is not covered with muscle, a fracture can easily be palpated, and frequently seen.

e) Anatomical Basis:

• Fractured lateral fragment: depressed (downward displacement by gravity) and drawn medially (adducted by spasm of the shoulder adductors, principally the teres major, latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major)
• Fractured medial fragment: slight elevation by sternocleidomastoid
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