New curriculum MBBS, bangladesh : card superior extremity : item viva questions : humerus

Humerus :

1.      Anatomical points and position

a)      Upper end bears head which is directed upward, backward and medially

b)      Bicipital groove lies anteriorly

c)      Prominent medial epicondyle  lies medially

2.      What are the parts of upper end and lower end?

3.      Show following parts of shaft : surfaces, borders, bicipital groove, deltoid tuberosity  and radial groove

4.      Show anatomical and surgical neck. Tell the importance of surgical neck  

5.      Contents of bicipital groove

6.      Show attachment of capsular ligament of shoulder joint and elbow joint

7.      Mention the relation of surgical neck , behind the medial epicondyle, bicipital and radial groove

8.       Draw the attachment of following muscles on bone

Deltoid, brachialis, triceps brachii,

9.      Show the muscular attachment of greater and lesser tubercle, bicipital groove, medial and lateral epicondyle

10.  What is rotator cuff? Mention the nerve supply of rotator cuff muscles. tell the importance of the rotator cuff   

11.  What is epiphysis? head , lesser and greater tubercle : What type of epiphysis :

12.  How many epiphysis present in upper and lower end ?

13.  What do you mean by primary and secondary ossification centre ? shaft of humerus derived from which ossification centre

14.  Discuss parts of growing long bone

15.  Discuss blood supply of growing long bone

16.  Development of humerus : ectoderm / mesoderm /endoderm: ans mesoderm  

Extra questions and answer

1.      What is Carrying angle of elbow? Why is it more in females? 2.What is significance of carrying angle?è

Ana : To enable swinging limbs to stay clear of wider female pelvis during walking.èDuring carrying something, like a pail.

2.      When carrying angle disappears?èWhen forearm is pronated.èWhen it is flexed at elbow joint.

3.      What is clinical significance of latissimus dorsi ?èIt is used in reconstructive breast surgery. A part of the muscle with an overlying paddle of skinas a Musculocutaneous flapis rotated around to front of body and used to create a mound during breast simulation. This skin flap is supplied by thoracodorsal artery.èIt is also used in cardiomyoplast, in which the left lat. Dorsi is wrapped around the left ventricle as a biological assist device.

4.      Name muscle attachments on greater tubercle ofhumerus.6.Name muscles used to carry out protraction.

5.      Name muscles during depression of scapula.

6.      Explain scapulohumeral mechanism and overhead abduction

7.      .What are muscle attachments on lateral 1/3 of clavicular shaft?

8.      What are muscle attachments on medial 2/3 of clavicular shaft?11.Name myotomes of upper limb:-They include:a.C4—shoulder elevation

1.      C5—shoulder abductionc.C6—elbow flexion, wrist extensiond.C7—elbow extension, wrist flexione.C8—thumb extensionf.T1—finger abduction

2.      How Lat. Dorsi acts as a climbing muscle?èIt extends the shoulder joint and mediallyrotates the humerus (e.g. folding the arms behind theback, or scratching the opposite scapula), but in combination with pectoralis major it is a powerful adductor.Especially used in restoring the upper limb from abduction above the shoulder, it is essentially the climbingmuscle.

3.      .Name climbing muscles of upper limbèLat dorsièPect majo

Thorax card : important SAQs for 1st professional MBBS examination of Bangladesh

Thorax     SAQ

Thoracic wall:

1. Give the venous drainage of thoracic wall. Give the branches of internal thoracic artery.

2. Draw & label a typical intercostal space.

3. What is external intercostal membrane.

4. Draw & label a typical intercostal nerve. How it differs from a spinal nerve.

5. Give the steps of dissection of a typical intercostal space. List the number of typical         

    intercostal space & why they are called typical? (2+1+1)-osmani 1^st term

6. Draw & label the formation & branches of a typical intercostal nerve. List the muscles of forced

   inspiration & expiration.(3+1) 

7. Discuss typical intercostals nerve. Give its functional component. -5+2

8. Give the boundary of thoracic inlet. What is supra-pleural membrane, (2+2)

Heart & pericardium:

1. What is pericardium. Mention its different layer’s & their development.-3

2. Write a short description of interior of right atrium July-06 What is probe patency test? 3+1

 3. What are the different parts of the interventricular septum. Give its source of development.

      1+2

 4. Draw & label arterial supply of heart.-2(J-07, July-06) Give the origin, course & branches of left coronary artery. 4.

5. What do you mean by end artery?-1 what do you mean by functional end artery? Give examples and clinical importance.

6. S/N: a) Pericardial sinus Base of the heart-2 Fallot’s tetralogy-1.5

7. Give the anatomy of the base of the heart. 3

    or Give the formation of the base of the heart. Mention its important relations.

8. Mention development of interatrial septum.-3

9. Draw & label junction tissues of the heart.-2 What are the Junctional tissues of the heart?  Mention their location. 1+2

10. Define conducting system of the heart. Name its components & arterial supply.1+4

11. Write down pericardial sinuses with their clinical importance. 4

12. What is dextrocardia? Give embryology basis of its formation. (1+2)

13. Write about structure of Trabeculae carnea, septomarginal crest and infundibulum. All Trabeculae carnea & papillary muscle.-5

 14. Draw and label venous supply of the heart

 15. Mention the development of right atrium. -2

16. Enumerate the different septal defects of heart.-2

17. Draw & label different parts of primitive heart tube. -2

Lung & pleura:

1. Define bronchopulmonary segment. 1

    Draw & label bronchopulmonary segment of R/L+lung.

2. Write the histological features of lung. -3

3. Give the nerve supply of lung with their effects. -1

4. Define pleura. Mention its different parts. Give their source of development. -3 or write

    about pleura.

5. Give the layers of respiratory membrane. -3) Name the cells you will find in the  

    alveoli & give their function.

6. S/N-  a) pleural recess.

           b) Root of the lung.

7. Give relation of apex of right lung. -3

8. What do you mean by respiratory portion of lungs. Give its components. -3

9. What is hyaline membrane disease? -1

10. Give the visceral relations on the mediastinal surface of left lung. -3

11. What is pleural recess? Give its formation & clinical importance-3

12. Name the different phase of development of the lung-3

13. Draw & label the different segments of the bronchial tree. Give the lining epithelium of their

      different segments. -2+2

14. Which bronchus is more susceptible to lodgments of inhaled foreign bodies? Explain why?

15. What is pleura? Write different parts of parietal pleura & mention their development & nerve

      supply.-4

Mediastinum:

1. Define mediastinum. Give the boundary & contents of posterior mediastinum/superior   

    mediastinum.(1+3)

Others:

1. Pump handle & bucket handle movement.

2. Superior vena cava.