Sinuses of pericardium
Pericardial sinuses are potential space within the serous pericardiam .
There are two pericardial
sinuses: transverse and oblique.
Oblique sinus
Definition
:
It is the
cul-de-sac behind the left atrium and is closed on all sides except below .
It is placed
between parietal and visceral layer of pericardium
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Shape:
Inverted ‘J’ shaped
Boundaries:
Anteriorly :
left atrium and visceral layer of serous pericardium
Posteriorly
: parietal layer of pericardium and
fibrous pericardium
Right side :
right pair of pulmonary veins and inferior vena cava
Left side :
left pair of pulmonary veins
Above :
upper margin of left atrium
Inferiorly :
open
Special note:
The roof of oblique sinus and floor of transverse sinus is
separated by upper margin of
the left atrium only , along which a bilaminar fold of serous
pericardium extends from the
upper right to the upper left pulmonary veins
Development:
It develops
as an effect of absorption of 4 pulmonary veins into the left atrium.
Function of oblique sinus:
The
oblique sinus permits the distension of left atrium during return of oxygenated
blood in it from the lungs.
Transverse sinus
Definition
:
It is a
transverse passage between two tubular reflections of serous pericardium and is
lined by visceral layer only. It is an inter-visceral space.
Boundaries
:
In front
: ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk enclosed in a single tube of serous
pericardium because both are developed from the truncus arteriosus
Behind intra-pericardial
part of superior vena cava and upper margin of left atrium
Above bifurcation
of pulmonary trunk
Below upper
surface of left atrium
Development:
it is
developed after degeneration of the central cells of the dorsal mesocardium .
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