Histology of parotid gland

 Histology of parotid gland 

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The parotid gland is a major salivary gland in many animals. In humans, the two parotid glands are present on either side of the mouth and in front of both ears. They are the largest of the salivary glands. Each parotid is wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and secretes serous saliva through the parotid duct into the mouth, to facilitate mastication and swallowing and to begin the digestion of starches. There are also two other types of salivary glands; they are submandibular and sublingual  glands. Sometimes accessory parotid glands are found close to the main parotid glands

 

The parotid gland is composed mainly of serous cells and produces saliva that is watery and rich in enzymes (amylase and lysozyme) and antibodies.  The abundant serous exocrine cells make up the bulk of the gland. The acini are surrounded by contractile myoepithelial cells; when they contract, they squeeze the saliva out of the acinar lumen.

Identifying points: 

1.     It contain only serous acinus & duct

2.     Cells of Serous acinus contain round centrally placed nuclei.

      3. Adipose tissue is present.

     4. Capsule is present

 

Surface anatomy of median nerve

Surface anatomy of Median nerve with point 

1^st point- at the junction of anterior 1/3 and posterior 2/3 of the lateral wall of the axilla

2^nd point- 2.5 below and medial to the tendon of the biceps brachii.

3^rd point: in front of wrist over the tendon of palmaris longus

Join these points by a straight line.

  (The line joining the 1^st & 2^nd points represents the Median nerve in the arm and the line joining the 2^nd & 3^rd points represents the Median nerve in the forearm.)

 

Related informations:

It arises from medial and lateral cord of brachial plexus

Root value: C5-8, T1

 Types of nerves: mixed (both sensory and motor)

It mainly supply muscles of the flexor compartment of forearm