Carotid triangle of neck

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Carotid triangle

Anterior triangle of neck contains four triangles; Carotid triangle is one of the subdivisions of it. It name occurs according to the content of it. It contains all the 3 carotid arteries, viz. common carotid, internal carotid and external carotid.

Boundary:

Posteriorly: Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle

Superiorly: Posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid muscle

Antero-inferiorly: Superior belly of omo-hyoid muscle

Roof is covered  by the investing layer of deep cervical fascia.

Contents of carotid triangle

Arteries: 

1.    Common carotid artery

2.    Internal carotid artery

3.    External carotid arteries: origin of five branches of external carotid artery 

·         Superior thyroid artery

·         Ascending pharyngeal artery

·         Occipital, lingual and

·         Facial arteries.

Veins: 

·         Internal jugular vein and its tributaries : common facial, lingual, pharyngeal, superior thyroid, middle thyroid veins. 

Nerves:  Last three cranial nerves

1.     Vagus nerve

2.    Hypoglossal nerve

3.    spinal accessory,

4.     ansa cervicalis and

5.    cervical part of the sympathetic chain.

·         Lymph nodes: Deep cervical lymph nodes.

·         Others: Carotid sinus and carotid body.