Periosteum
It is a thick
fibro-vasculo-cellular layer that covers the outer surface of bone except the
articular surfaces which are covered by articular cartilage (hyaline
cartilage).
It consists of two layers:
Outer fibro vascular layer –is
composed of collagen fibres and fibroblast
and blood vessels
Inner osteogenic layer – Inner
cellular layer or osteogenic layer (containing osteoprogenitor cells which form
osteoblasts).
It is united to the underlying
bone by Sharpey’s fibers (collagen fibers).
It has very rich nerve supply and
therefore it is the most pain sensitive part of bone.
Normally this layer responsible
for increasing width of bone. By intramembranous ossification, it increase the
width of bone
Functions
of periosteum
1.
It receives the attachments of muscles
2.
Gives nutrition to the outer part of
the compact bone by the periosteal vessels
3.
It is important in the repair of
fractures
4.
During fetal development, this is
responsible for appositional growth of bone
Sharpey's fibers (bone fibers,
or perforating fibres): are a
matrix of connective tissue consisting of bundles of strong collagenous fibres
connecting periosteum to bone. They are part of the outer fibrous layer of
periosteum, entering into the outer circumferential and interstitial lamellae
of bone tissue
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