Bony
pelvis
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Anatomical points
1.
Anterior superior
iliac spine and upper part of pubic symphysis lie in the same coronal plane
2.
Pubis symphysis
lies horizontally
3.
The tip of the
coccyx and upper part of pubic symphysis lie in same horizontal plane
|Formation of
pelvis : two hip bones, sacrum and coccyx
Joint of
pelvis :
Pubic symphysis : secondary cartilaginous
joint
Sacroiliac joint : plane variety of synovial
joint
Divisions of
pelvis : greater(false pelvis
) and lesser pelvis (true )
Why greater
pelvis is known as false pelvis: it
has no body boundary in front
Why lesser
pelvis is known as true pelvis: it
has complete body boundary
Q. Trace the
pelvic inlet and outlet
Q. Content of
pelvis in male and female
Q: How pelvic
outlet is covered in living body ?
In front by
urogenital diaphragm and behind pelvic diaphragm
Q: What is
urogenital diaphragm :
It
is formed by deep transverse perinea muscle and sphincter urethrae muscle
Q: What is
pelvic diaphragm
It is formed by levator ani and coccygeus
muscle
Show the Diameters of pelvis :
Pelvic inlet
|
|
Antero-posterior
diameter |
Transverse
diameter: |
Oblique
diameter: |
|
Pelvic inlet |
Measured between sacral promontory and symphysis pubis Upper border of pubic symphysis:
True or Anatomical conjugate Middle of pubic
symphysis: Obstetric conjugate (most
important) Lower border of pubic symphysis: Diagonal conjugate |
Maximum transverse diameter |
Measured
between the sacro-iliac (SI) joint and opposite ilio-pubic eminence |
|
Pelvic cavity |
Middle of S3 vertebra to the middle of the back of
pubic symphysis |
Widest distance across the lateral bony wall of the
pelvic cavity |
From the lower end of sacroiliac joint to the center of
the opposite obturator membrane |
|
Pelvic outlet |
Antero-posterior diameters: From the lower border of symphysis
pubis to – Anatomical: tip of coccyx Obstetric: tip of sacrum |
Transverse diameters: diameter: between 2 ischial tuberosities |
From the junction of the ischiopubic ramus to the
middle of the opposite sacrotuberous ligament |
Diameter of
female pelvis
|
|
Antero-posterior diameter |
Transverse diameter: |
Oblique diameter: |
|
Pelvic inlet |
11 cm |
13 |
12 |
|
Pelvic cavity |
12 |
12 |
12 |
|
Pelvic outlet |
13 |
11 |
12 |
Diameter of different conjugate
of female :
·
True
or Anatomical conjugate: 11 cm
·
Obstetric
conjugate (most important): 0.5 cm shorter than the true conjugate
·
Diagonal
conjugate: 11.5 cm
Classification of pelvis
1.
Gynecoid
(50%) – normal female pelvis
2.
Anthropoid
(25%) – direct occipito-posterior position is most common in anthropoid pelvis
3.
Android
(20%) – male type (face to pubes delivery, persistent occipito-posterior
position, deep transverse arrest/non-rotation, dystocia-dystrophica syndrome
are most common in android pelvis)
4.
Platypelloid
(5%)
Difference
between male and female pelvis
|
Topic |
Male |
Female |
|
Shape of pelvic inlet |
Heart shape |
Oval |
|
shape of pelvic caviy |
conical and long ( long
section of a cone) |
short and cylindrical ( short
section of a cylinder) |
|
sub pubic angle |
less , 55-60 degree |
More, about 90 degree |
|
ischial spine |
inverted |
everted |
|
sacrum |
longer and narrower |
shorter and wider |
|
Obturator foramen |
Larger and oval and abruptly
curve |
Smaller and triangular,
gradually curved |
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